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Article 5 of the Statute gives the Tribunal jurisdiction over various offences “when committed in armed conflict, whether international or internal in character, and directed against any civilian population”. IT-95-5/18-T, Public Redacted Version of Judgement Issued on 24 March 2016 – Volume I of IV (TC), 24 March 2016, paras. The Appeals Chamber will also consider whether there are special circumstances that justify an exception to the waiver rule." The crux of the matter is whether the Prosecution has waived its right to appeal because it failed to raise this issue at the trial stage. As a preliminary matter, the Appeals Chamber must decide whether the Prosecution is entitled to appeal on this point. 1638 The Appeals Chamber therefore considers that Miletić has failed to demonstrate that the Trial Chamber erred in law by not determining specifically which actions were encompassed in the Attack." 1637 The Trial Chamber also provided a detailed factual narrative of those actions. 1636 The Trial Chamber explained the actions it considered to form part of the attack directed against the Bosnian Muslim civilian populations of Srebrenica and Žepa (“Attack”). The Appeals Chamber recalls that in order to amount to a crime against humanity, the acts of an accused must be part of a widespread or systematic attack directed against any civilian population. "- The perpetrator must know that his acts constitute part of a pattern of widespread or systematic crimes directed against a civilian population and know that his acts fit into such pattern." The attack must be widespread or systematic

The attack must be directed against any civilian population The acts of the perpetrator must be part of the attack This phrase has been interpreted as encompassing five elements: "In order to amount to crime against humanity, the acts of an accused must be part of a widespread or sytematic attack ʻdirected against any civilian population'. 1.The conduct was committed as part of a widespread or systematic attack against any civilian population.Īccording to the Appeals Chamber in Kunarac et al.,